High School

Most employers prefer to hire applicants at least 18 years of age who are in good physical condition and have a good sense of balance. Although a high school education or its equivalent is not required, it is generally preferred. Students can also take courses that familiarize them with some of the skills that are a regular part of roofing work. Beneficial courses include shop, basic mathematics, and mechanical drawing.

Postsecondary Training

Roofers learn the skills they need through on-the-job training or by completing a three-year apprenticeship. Most roofers learn informally on the job while they work under the supervision of experienced roofers. Beginners start as helpers, doing simple tasks like carrying equipment and putting up scaffolding. They gradually gain the skills and knowledge they need for more difficult tasks. Roofers who do not complete apprenticeships may need four or more years of on-the-job training to become familiar with all the materials and techniques they need to know.

Apprenticeship programs generally provide more thorough, balanced training. Apprenticeships are three years in length and combine a planned program of work experience with formal classroom instruction in related subjects. The work portion of the apprenticeship includes a minimum of 1,400 hours each year under the guidance of experienced roofers. Classroom instruction, amounting to at least 144 hours per year, covers such topics as safety practices, how to use and care for tools, and arithmetic.

Other Education or Training

The National Roofing Contractors Association offers educational resources, including seminars and customized training programs, on safety, customer service, project planning, business operations, and other topics. Contact the association for more information. 

Certification or Licensing

In addition to apprenticeship experience or on-the-job training, all roofers should receive safety training that is in compliance with standards set by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Workers can get safety training through their employer or through OSHA's Outreach Training Program. The National Roofing Contractors Association University offers the certified roofing torch applicator designation to those who complete a program that teaches the safe use of roofing torches used to apply polymer-modified bitumen roofing products. 

Other Requirements

Some employers have age requirements—often a minimum of 18 years—for job candidates.

Previous experience as a helper or apprentice is required to enter the field. 

A roofer with a fear of heights will not get far in his or her career. Roofers need a good sense of balance and good hand-eye coordination. Since this work can be dangerous, roofers need to pay attention to detail and be able to follow directions precisely. They should enjoy working outdoors and working with their hands. The work is strenuous, so physical strength and stamina are essential. Roofers may work with architects and other construction workers as well as interact with customers, so they must be able to work as part of a team. To advance in this field, to the position of estimator for example, a roofer should also have strong communications and mathematical skills.