High School

A strong background in math and science is required for orthoptists. Be sure to take classes in mathematics, biology, chemistry, and physics. English classes are helpful for honing writing skills, and psychology classes provide useful information that can be helpful when working with patients. Also take computer science classes.

Postsecondary Education

Most orthoptists have a bachelor's degree in science. Major areas of study may be biology, physiology, anatomy, or mathematics. They may also study basic physics, psychology, or child development. Coursework in orthoptics study usually includes eye anatomy and physiology, neuroanatomy of eye movements, basic ocular pharmacology, physiologic optics, and an introduction to ophthalmology. Students learn about diagnostic tests and differential diagnosis, and may also have to complete a research project.

Orthoptics students must complete a two-year fellowship training program. Most fellowship programs require students hold a bachelor's degree. Find a list of orthoptic fellowship programs at the American Association of Certified Orthoptists Web site, https://www.orthoptics.org/orthoptic-fellowship-programs.

Certification or Licensing

Many employers require that orthoptists be certified. The American Orthoptic Council offers certification to candidates who hold a bachelor's degree and have completed a two-year fellowship program in orthoptics. Eligibility for certification also requires a written recommendation from the candidate's supervisor within the fellowship program. The certification examination consists of written, oral, and practical test sections. The written exam is administered electronically each June, and the oral and practical exam is given in the fall. Certification programs cover the anatomy and physiology of the eye, ocular pharmacology, different types of diagnostic tests, among other areas.

Most orthoptists have completed a two-year fellowship program in orthoptics, are certified, and have four or more years of work experience. The job requires strong knowledge of eye disorders and treatment methods. In addition to strong science and math knowledge, orthoptists must have good interpersonal skills. They examine and interact with patients and others every day while they are on the job. Some patients will be nervous or difficult, so the ability to be patient and reassuring is essential. Attention to details is critical, and the ability to clearly explain medical procedures and test results to patients and their family members in ways that they can understand is also key in this work. Orthoptists must be able to detect when something is wrong and apply critical thinking and scientific rules and methods to solve problems.