High School

Because a bachelor's degree is considered essential in the field, high school students interested in civil engineering must follow a college prep curriculum. Students should focus on mathematics (algebra, trigonometry, geometry, and calculus), the sciences (physics and chemistry), computer science, and English and the humanities (history, economics, and sociology). Students should also aim for honors-level courses.

Postsecondary Training

In addition to completing the core engineering curriculum (including mathematics, science, drafting, and computer applications), students can choose their specialty from the following types of courses: structural analysis; materials design and specification; geology; hydraulics; surveying and design graphics; soil mechanics; and oceanography. Bachelor's degrees can be achieved through a number of programs: a four- or five-year accredited college or university; two years in a community college engineering program plus two or three years in a college or university; or five or six years in a co-op program (attending classes for part of the year and working in an engineering-related job for the rest of the year). About one in five civil engineering students go on to receive a master's degree. Many engineering students also participate in internships at engineering consulting firms or other companies or government agencies that employ civil engineers. 

Other Education or Training

The National Society of Professional Engineers provides webinars for student members of the society. Past webinars included "How to Get Your First Job," "Career Success in Engineering: A Guide for Students and New Professionals," and "Ethics and Professionalism for Students and Young Engineers." Other organizations that provide continuing education opportunities include the American Society for Engineering Education, Society of Women Engineers, Institute of Transportation Engineers, and the American Society of Civil Engineers. 

Certification or Licensing

Most civil engineers go on to study and qualify for a professional engineer (PE) license. It is required before one can work on projects affecting property, health, or life. Because many engineering jobs are found in government specialties, most engineers take the necessary steps to obtain the license. Requirements are different for each state—they involve educational, practical, and teaching experience. Applicants must take an examination on a specified date.

The National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying (NCEES) is a national nonprofit organization dedicated to enhancing professional licensure in these professions. NCEES develops, administers, and scores the examinations (including the Principles and Practice of Engineering exam) used for engineering and surveying licensure in the United States. 

Courses in civil engineering programs typically include a combination of classroom learning and laboratory and fieldwork via co-ops or internships. After obtaining a bachelor's degree, graduates must acquire field training. Most states require about four years of work experience before engineers can take the licensing examination. After licensing, civil engineers must take courses to keep current with advancements in the profession.

Civil engineering appeals to individuals with a solid background in math and science who enjoy working as part of a team on complex, typically long-term projects. Successful civil engineers excel at problem solving and decision making, in addition to being good communicators. Other important traits for civil engineers include strong analytical and leadership skills, flexibility, creativity, and a dedication to lifelong learning.